Learn more about drilling additives

As a kind of drilling additive, drilling fluid is a circulating flushing medium used in the hole during the drilling process. Drilling fluid is the blood of drilling, also known as drilling fluid. Drilling fluid can be divided into clean water, mud, clay-free phase flushing fluid, emulsion, foam and compressed air according to its composition. Clean water is the earliest drilling fluid used. It does not require treatment, is easy to use, and is suitable for areas with intact rock formations and sufficient water sources. Mud is a widely used drilling fluid. It is mainly suitable for unstable rock formations with loose walls, developed fissures, easy collapse, and expansion and peeling when exposed to water. In the early days of rotary drilling, the main function of drilling fluid was to carry cuttings from the bottom of the well to the surface. At present, drilling fluid is recognized to have at least the following ten functions:
(1) Cleaning the bottom of the well and carrying cuttings. Keep the bottom of the well clean to avoid repeated cutting of the drill bit, reduce wear and improve efficiency.
(2) Cool and lubricate the drill bit and drill string. Reduce drill bit temperature, reduce drill tool wear, and increase drill tool service life.
(3) Balance the pressure on the rock side of the well wall, form a filter cake on the well wall, seal and stabilize the well wall. Prevent contamination of oil and gas formations and collapse of well walls.
(4) Balance (control) formation pressure. Prevent blowouts, leakage, and contamination of drilling fluids by formation fluids.
(5) Suspended rock cuttings and weighting agent. Reduce the settling speed of cuttings and avoid drilling stuck due to sedimentation.
(6) Sand and cuttings can be settled on the ground.
(7) Effectively transmit hydraulic power. Transmit the power required by downhole power drilling tools and the hydraulic power of the drill bit.
(8) Bear part of the gravity of the drill pipe and casing. The buoyancy of drilling fluid on drilling tools and casing can reduce the load on the hoisting system when tripping.
(9) Provide a large amount of information on the formation being drilled. Drilling fluid can be used for electrical logging, cuttings logging, etc. to obtain downhole data.
(10) Hydraulic crushing of rocks. The high-speed jet formed by the drilling fluid passing through the nozzle can directly break or assist in breaking the rock